Neurodivergent conditions are differences in how the brain processes information. Common examples include autism, ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia (DCD), dyscalculia and Tourette’s syndrome. Neurodiversity is the umbrella, the natural variety in how all brains work.

At a glance

• Neurodiversity = natural brain differences across everyone. Neurodivergent = an individual whose brain works differently from the cultural “typical”.
• Around 1 in 7 people in the UK are estimated to be neurodivergent. (It’s an estimate, but a widely used one in UK guidance.)
• At work, you may be entitled to reasonable adjustments under the Equality Act, and Access to Work can fund extra support.

What “neurodivergent conditions” includes (plain definitions)

• Autism (Autistic Spectrum Condition)
  A lifelong difference in social communication and interaction, often with sensory differences and a preference for routine. See adult signs and how to get assessed.
• ADHD (Attention‑Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)
  Differences in attention regulation, impulsivity and hyperactivity that affect day‑to‑day life; there are clear NHS routes for adult diagnosis and support.
• Dyslexia (Specific Learning Difficulty / SpLD)
  A common learning difficulty that mainly affects reading, writing and spelling; intelligence is not affected. Adults usually arrange assessment via specialist services.
• Dyspraxia / Developmental Co‑ordination Disorder (DCD)
  Affects movement and co‑ordination (gross and fine motor skills). Can impact everyday tasks, driving, handwriting and planning.
• Dyscalculia (SpLD)
  A learning difficulty affecting understanding and use of numbers; difficulties with maths can persist into adulthood.
• Tourette’s syndrome
  A neurological condition involving motor and/or vocal tics. Treatment can help manage tics; there is no cure.

People can be both autistic and ADHD (often called AuDHD). Co‑occurrence is well recognised in UK research and charities. autistica.org.uk

How these conditions overlap (and why that matters)

Some traits cluster across conditions e.g., executive‑function challenges (planning, working memory), sensory differences and sleep issues. That’s why a professional assessment looks at the whole picture, not just one label.

Getting assessed in the UK (adults)

• Autism: start with your GP and request a referral; assessment is done by specialist teams.
• ADHD: speak to your GP for referral to an adult ADHD service; management may include medication and non‑medication supports.
• Dyslexia: adults usually arrange a diagnostic assessment via qualified assessors (not typically provided by the NHS). The BDA provides routes and advice.

Tip (England): ask about Right to Choose for some assessments; disability support at university or work does not always require a formal diagnosis to start conversations.

Your rights at work

• Employers must consider reasonable adjustments (e.g., clear written instructions, flexible processes, assistive tech, quieter spaces). A diagnosis is not always required to offer support.
• Access to Work can fund practical help (equipment/software, job coach or mentor, travel support). Grants do not need repaying.

Everyday strategies that actually help

• Externalise tasks: calendar alerts you’ll see, checklists, visual planners.
• Environment first: noise‑reduction (headphones), consistent study/work zone, lighting that works for you.
• Routines that scale: plan the week (not the day), batch admin, micro‑starts (“open the doc, write 3 bullets”).
• Ask early for adjustments: share what helps; bring ACAS guidance to conversations.

FAQs (fast answers)

Is “neurodivergent” a diagnosis?
No. It’s a descriptor. Specific diagnoses (e.g., autism, ADHD, dyslexia) sit underneath it.

What’s the difference between “neurodiversity” and “neurodivergent”?
Neurodiversity is the umbrella (the ecosystem of brain differences); neurodivergent describes an individual whose brain works differently from the cultural “typical”.

Do I need a diagnosis to get help at work?
Not necessarily. ACAS says employers should offer support whether or not you have a diagnosis; adjustments are based on need.

What to do next (the Augmentive way)

Understanding opens the door. Action takes you through it.

1. If you want clarity, book an assessment (ADHD, autism).
2. If work is tough, ask for adjustments and consider Access to Work funding.
3. Build a plan that fits how your mind works — treatment, coaching, practical tools.